


PS 2491 
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No. 103 



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ENGLISH READINGS 
fob HIGH SCHOOLS 

Xafeesibe Series. 



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& Selections from j| 

| JOHN BOYLE O'REILLY jj 

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l REVEREND ABRAM T. RYAN ! 

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AINSWORTH & COMPANY 

. . . CHICAGO . . . 



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JOHN BOYLE O'REILLY 



ffibe Xafcestoe Settee of Engltsb IReaoings 



SELECTIONS 



FROM THE WRITINGS OF 

JOHN BOYLE O'REILLY 

and 

REVEREND ABRAM J. RYAN 



Edited with an Introduction and Notes 
and Questions 



/ \ 



CHICAGO 

AINSWORTH & COMPANY 
1904 



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eceived 

NOV 21 1904 

Copyright tntry 

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COPY B. 



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All Rights Reserved 



Copyright 1904 
By AINSWORTH & COMPANY 



The Poems by Father Ryan included in this 
volume are used by permission of Mr. P. J. 
Kenedy, the authorized publisher of Father 
Ryan's poems. Permission has also been ob- 
tained to use the copyrighted poems by John 
Boyle O'Reilly. 



f 

3 



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PREFACE 



John Boyle O'Reilly and Father Abram Ryan 

For no other reason than convenience this 
number of " Catholic Authors " includes two 
names, both admired and loved, though both 
comparatively little known except to a very 
narrow circle of readers. 

A fugitive from tyranny, Mr. O'Reilly reached 
our shores, receiving from the nation the wel- 
come that its liberty-loving spirit accords to the 
oppressed. Grateful for the hospitality shown 
him, he at once identified himself with all the 
varied interests of the land of his adoption. His 
capabilities soon became recognized. 

Most American in sentiment and aspiration, 
at the same time true and devoted to the land 
of his birth; buoyant and brave, observant, sa- 
gacious, diligent and studious, tenderly religious 
and home-loving — these are the qualities that 
have given to his writings their virile and win- 
ning character. Had a longer career been vouch- 
safed him, undoubtedly his versatile mind and 
capacity for work would have made him one of 
the ablest literary characters of the age. 

In Father Abram Ryan genius also discovered 
itself through adverse circumstances, but its 

5 ' 



6 PREFACE 

trend was in a different direction. A large vol- 
ume of poems testifies to his gifted mind. As 
soon as it appeared, his popularity was achieved. 
In the publishers' preface to the second edition 
we read : " These, his poems, have moved mul- 
titudes. They have thrilled the soldier on the 
eve of battle, and quickened the martial spirit 
of a chivalric race; they have soothed the soul- 
wounds of the suffering; and they have raised 
the hearts of men in adoration and benediction 
to the great Father of all." 

Does not the age stand in need of this eleva- 
ting influence? Justly and proudly, therefore, 
do we include the name of Father Ryan among 
our deserving authors. 

The Compilers 



INTRODUCTION 



John Boyle O'Reilly [1844-1890] 

"Drive out from Drogheda to Dowth Castle, 
Soggarth, 1 and see where I was born. It is the love- 
liest spot in the world. I have not seen it in over 
twenty-five years, but, O God ! I would like to see 

it again. See it for me, will you ? " 
Birthplace Such was John Boyle O'Reilly's 

request of Rev. Thomas J. Conaty 
(now the Rt. Rev. Bishop of Los Angeles), on the 
latter's departure for Europe in 1889. "It cer- 
tainly is a lovely spot," said Dr. Conaty after his 
return, " near the historic Boyne water, and within 
a few miles of the hill of Tara, Ireland's once 
royal city." 

Fitting birthplace for the poet, patriot — for him 
who has been styled " the manly man among manly 
men " ! Here the young poet spent the first eleven 

years of his life. The boy was for- 
Early Life tunate in having parents who were 

both remarkable for literary culture 
and talent. William Davis O'Reilly, the father, was 
a fine scholar and an able educator, having been 
master of the Fetterville Institution for thirty-five 

1 Soggarth — Gaelic for priest. 



8 SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

years. His mother, Eliza Boyle, was a woman of 
rare intellectual gifts, combined with a generous, 
hospitable, kindly heart. 

John was the second son of a family of five 
daughters and three sons, and was born June 28, 
1844. What schooling he had was received before 
the age of eleven ; for at that time he entered the 
printing office of the Argos at Drogheda. Here he 
remained for about four years, receiving constant 
advancements, when the death of the proprietor re- 
leased the young apprentice from his indentures. 
In 1859, he went to Preston, England, where he se- 
cured a position in the office of The Guardian, pub- 
lished in Preston. While in the employ of The 
Guardian, he received promotions until he found 
himself in the reporter's chair. 

Something besides filial obedience impelled him 
when he left Preston forever, about the end of 
March, 1863. He had become deeply imbued with 
the revolutionary principles, then so 
In the freely adopted by patriotic Irishmen 

British Army all over the world. He dreamed of 
making his country free — not merely 
independent of the British connection, but absolutely 
free — in short, a republic, and in May, 1863, he 
went over to Ireland to enlist as a trooper in the 
Tenth Hussars, as a step towards the accomplish- 
ment of his designs. The government puts no 
premium upon open hostility ; it sets no special ban 
upon secret conspiracy. George Washington would 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY g 

have been hanged as ruthlessly as Robert Emmet 
had his scheme of treason failed. 

In October, 1865, O'Reilly took the Fenian oath 
in the cause of his country. Already the govern- 
ment had discovered the rebel movement in the 
ranks of the army, and was using every means to 
extinguish the kindling sparks of the threatening 
outbreak. February, 1866, O'Reilly 
Arrest and was arrested, and on Wednesday. 
Trial June 27, 1866, the eve of his twenty- 

second birthday, his trial by court- 
martial began. The charge was, " Having at Dub- 
lin, in January, 1866, come to the knowledge of an 
intended mutiny in Her Majesty's forces in Ire- 
land, and not giving information of said intended 
mutiny to his commanding officer." 

After a tedious trial, formal sentence- of death 
was passed upon all the military prisoners, but on 
the same day it was commuted to a life imprison- 
ment in the case of O'Reilly and of four others, but 
the sentence of O'Reilly was afterwards commuted 
to twenty years' penal servitude. 

The first step in the execution of the sentence 
was taken September 3, 1866, in the Royal Square, 
when in presence of five royal regiments the pris- 
oner was made to listen to the 

x . reading of his sentence, stripped of 

Imprisonment , . .,. .. « , , • 

his military uniform, clothed in 

the convict's dress, and escorted to 

Mount joy prison. 



IO SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

After a short detention there, O'Reilly was 
shipped over to England, where he suffered con- 
finement in various prisons. The silence and soli- 
tude of prison life were almost unendurable, but 
he found some solace in his thoughts and in the 
pages of " The Imitation of Christ," which he was 
allowed to read. Many of the weary hours he 
whiled away by moulding into verse some of the 
thoughts that filled his mind. Scratched on the wall 
of his prison-cell are three characteristic poems. 
To the last, " The Irish Soldiers," the following 
foot-note is appended : " Written on the wall of 
my cell with a nail, July 17, 1866. Once an English 
soldier; now an Irish felon; and proud of the ex- 
change." 

In the latter part of 1867, sixty-three political 
prisoners, of whom O'Reilly was one, were trans- 
ported to Australia. For the first few weeks after 
his arrival, the chaplain had man- 
Australia aged to have O'Reilly detailed as 
an assistant in the prison library. 
But one day he was called by an .officer, and dis- 
patched to a settlement about thirty miles along the 
coast, to begin the dreary life of the convict. 

He had been a little over a year in the convict 
settlement, when the long-sought opportunity 
came of breaking his bonds' forever. After perils 
of seas and pursuers, and through the help of 
staunch friends, he landed safe at Philadelphia, 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 



ii 



November 23, 1869, J ust tw0 years after the date 
of his taking passage on the convict ship Hougou- 
mont for the Australian penal colony. 

Not finding favorable opportunities at Philadel- 
phia, he went to New York. Here, in December, 
1869, he delivered a lecture at the Cooper Insti- 
tute. In it he told of the sufferings 
America and wrongs endured by himself and 

his fellow-prisoners, and modestly 
recounted the incidents of his escape, dwelling with 
eloquent gratitude upon the part taken in it by the 
American captains of the Gazelle and Sapphire. 
Successful as the meeting was and gratifying to 
the young lecturer, it did not give him promise of 
securing any material aid for Ireland, nor did it 
open for him the way to a livelihood. He was ad- 
vised to go to Boston, and acting upon the sug- 
gestion, he arrived in that city in 1870, with letters 
of introduction to two of its prominent citizens. 
The young stranger soon secured a good position. 
From this time, he rose steadily in 
In Boston the esteem of increasing and admir- 

ing friends, while his pressingly- 
solicited lectures won for him the immediate regard 
of audiences of highest culture. Mr. Donahue, then 
editor and proprietor of the Boston Pilot, recog- 
nizing the ability of the young man, gave him a 
temporary engagement as reporter and general 
writer for the Pilot. 



I2 SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

In 1872, O'Reilly married Miss Mary Murphy, 
one of Boston's most accomplished young ladies, 
herself a writer of no mean merit. The ideal 
home-life with his wife and four daughters was 
unbroken until his death in August, 1890. 

O'Reilly's Personality 

Kindness was the fruit, courtesy the flower, of 
John Boyle O'Reilly's character. Its seed was 
that sacrificial seed of which he sings so often and 
so earnestly. Even when a little child, he was noted 
for his winning qualities. The same was true of 
his life in the barracks and in prison. The mag- 
netism of the boyish soldier won more converts to 
treason than his fervid eloquence. 

When his trial was ended, he sent these brave 
words of comfort to his loved ones : — 

" I wrote these slips before I 
Keynote of knew my fate, and I have nothing 
His Character more to say, only God's holy will be 
done!" "God's holy will be 
done ! " That was the keynote of his character, as 
kindness was the theme of his life. His close friend, 
Mr. Mosely, writes : — 

It would hardly appear to some people, but the thing 
that impressed me in Boyle's character was his manliness, 
his self-abnegation, his child-like faith in the teachings of 
his youth, his firm, unshaken conviction, and his beautiful 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY I3 

trust and repose in religion, his Church, and his God. 
With him it was a fixed fact, a never faltering attitude of 
his mind, and when by his literary associations he was 
thrown with men who were doubters, agnostics, and dis- 
believers, his faith was as sublime, his conviction as un- 
shaken, and his devotion as constant as when he learned 
the lesson at his mother's knee. 

It was the rare privilege of O'Reilly to be appre- 
ciated and loved during his life as few men have 
ever been loved. The praise he received never 
spoiled his simple, manly nature. 
His So it was that such words of frank 

Popularity praise as the following could be 

written of him while he was yet 
among us. The Boston Post's kindly essayist says 
of him : " He is one whom children would choose 
for their friend, women for their lover, and men for 
their hero." " Was the sans peur et sans reproche 1 
which has characterized another knight 2 for cen- 
turies worth more than this ? " asks another admirer. 

This admiration is not to be wondered at when 
we read of his universal charity and the myriad 
kindnesses that filled his days. 

He loved nature and he loved art, but he better 
loved mankind. That love was given freest ex- 
pression to those near him, his wife and little daugh- 



1 " Without fear and without reproach." 

- Bayard, a French warrior of the sixteenth century. 



1 4 SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

ters. Without entering into the 
Glimpse of sacredness of his domestic life, it 
Home Life is enough to say that there he was 

truly at his best. He was most pa- 
tient, tender, and considerate. He would read for 
hours every evening to his little ones from the books 
which he cherished, and taught them to understand 
Shakespeare, Milton, Dante, Shelley, Keats, and all 
the masters of English verse. One summer, when 
his wife was away at Nantucket, he read the Ara- 
bian Nights through to his little girls, taking a boy- 
ish delight in breaking all rules of wise conduct by 
prolonging the entertainment away into the unhal- 
lowed hours of morning, and enjoining secrecy on 
his fellow-culprits. 

" In twenty years of acquaintance, and more 
than seven of close personal intimacy," said one 
who surely must have known him well, " in the 
abandon of the club or the cafe, I have never heard 

fall from his lips a word which 
Integrity might not be spoken in a lady's 

drawing-room. He was neither a 
saint nor a prude, but he was a man of clean mind 
and tongue, and foul language revolted him like the 
touch of carrion. 

The life of John Boyle O'Reilly teaches anew 
the lesson that the man just and firm of purpose 
can conquer circumstances. The failure of his 
youthful patriotic dream did not discourage his 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY i 5 

brave heart; the degradation of the prison did not 
contaminate his pure soul; poverty did not debase, 
nor prosperity destroy his manly independence. He 
remained throughout all his life a brave, honorable, 
Christian gentleman, a loyal friend, a generous foe, 
a lover of God and his fellow-men. 

O'Reilly's Literary Career 

During the year 1871, the young journalist's nar- 
rative poems began to attract a great deal of at- 
tention. The popular taste is not to be despised. 
The world loves a story, and it is the bard's chron- 
icle, from the Tale of Troy down to the latest ballad, 
that is committed to memory when the loftier flights 
of the Muse are admired and forgotten. " The 
Amber Whale" and " The Dukite 
Songs of the Snake," were received with univer- 
Southern Seas sal praise, for it was just at this 
time that authors like Bret Harte, 
Joaquin Miller, John Hay, Will Carleton, and our 
poet, were creating a renaissance of natural poetry. 
In 1873 appeared his first volume of poems, entitled 
Songs of the Southern Seas. 

The year 1881 found O'Reilly's place in literature 
safely assured, and time is but strengthening the 
honored position he holds among standard Amer- 
ican authors. 

His novel, " Moondyne," published in 1880, has 
since reached its twelfth edition. The storv is 



r 6 SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

founded on his convict experiences in Australia. 
The work evoked some remarkably 
Moondyne harsh criticisms from ultra Cath- 
olics, who objected to what they 
called its pagan spirit. In reply the author says, 
" There is not, could not be, an anti-Christian word 
in ' Moondyne.' If there were, it would not stand 
one moment." Literary polish is scarcely to be 
looked for in a book composed from week to week 
to meet the printers' demand for matter. Often- 
times the copy was written while the press was 
waiting — and yet the story abounds with passages 
of beauty and strength. 

In April of 1881 he published his second volume 
of poems, dedicated "To the Memory of Eliza 
Boyle, my Mother." It contained some of the most 
finely finished and musical verses 
Statues in that he ever wrote, among them 

the Block "The Statues in the Block," his 

best effort in blank verse. This 
poem, which gave the volume its name, contains 
two lines which were the poet's favorite : — ' 

" When God gives us the clearest sight, 
He does not touch our eyes with love, but sorrow." 

The death of Longfellow in 1882 evoked a beau- 
tiful tribute from O'Reilly. His esteem for Long- 
fellow was sincere and abiding, and the gentle 
American poet had always been his warm friend 
and admirer. 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY z y 

On June 14, 1882, O'Reilly read his great national 
poem, "America," at the reunion of the Army of 

the Republic, at Detroit. In it he 
America honored as no other poet has done, 

the pre-eminent virtue of the Amer- 
ican people, magnanimity in victory. President 
Grant, who was present on the stage, said, " That 
is the grandest poem I ever heard." On the 
occasion of the unveiling of Bartholdi's great 
statue of Liberty 1 in New York Harbor (1886), 
O'Reilly wrote for the New York World his poem, 
" Liberty Enlightening the World." In it he pro- 
pounds in capital letters the creed of Liberty : — 

Nature is higher than Progress or Knowledge, 
Whose need is ninety enslaved for ten; 

My words shall stand against mart and college : 
The planet belongs to its living men. 

In November, 1889, he attended the celebration 
of the Centenary of the Catholic Hierarchy in 
America, at St. Mary's Cathedral, 
From the Baltimore, and was present at the 

Heights dedication of the American Catho- 

lic University of Washington, D. C, 
three days later, He lectured in Washington on 
November 10, and read his poem, " From the 
Heights," at the University banquet on the 13th. 



1 The colossal statue of " Liberty Enlightening the World," pre- 
sented by France to the United States. It is the work of the great 
sculptor Bartholdi. 



!& SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

His last poem, " The Useless Ones," meaning the 
poets, was published in the Pilot of February i, 
1890 : — 

" Useless ? Ay, — for measure : 
Roses die, 
But their breath gives pleasure — 
God knows why ! " 

The following may be found helpful ; it is the 
expression of reliable critics : — 

Wendell Phillips — a " Lycidas " — his best work. 

In Bohemia — his most popular lyric. 

A Tragedy — his best lyric. 

The Statues in the Block — his, best attempt at blank 
verse. 

Ensign Epps — his best and shortest narrative poem. 

Jacqueminots — most tender and melodious of all his 
songs. 

What is Good? — the theme of his life in verse. 

Moondyne — his novel. 

America 

Pilgrim Fathers )• — unsurpassed patriotic poems. 

Crispus Attucks 



THE PILGRIM FATHERS 



In May, 1889, O'Reilly accepted an invitation 
to prepare a poem for the dedication of the national 
monument to the Pilgrim Fathers. 

The selection of a foreign-born 
Occasion citizen for this office surprised and 

offended many New Englanders. 
But all, even the most doubtful, were moved to ad- 
miration and praise when they heard the heroic 
strains which displayed the skill of the poet and 
the perfect sympathy of the writer with his subject. 
It was on this occasion that the people named him 
the poet laureate of New England. 

" Strange as it may seem," writes Thomas Swift, 
in the Champlain Educator for June, 1904, " the 

'Pilgrims' and Boyle O'Reilly 
Inspiration were essentially kindred spirits. 

There is a close analogy between 
their lots in life, hence it is not to be wondered at 
that Boyle O'Reilly sang a loftier strain about the 
Pilgrim Fathers than any other American poet, per- 
haps, has done." 

The structure of the poem is worthy of the theme. 
Its elegant pentameters are arranged in successive 

rhyme, which tersely express the 
Structure strong thoughts of the poet. In 

style, the whole poem is suggestive 

19 



2 -SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

of the classic simplicity of Goldsmith's " Deserted 

Village." 

" The meaning and value of the work of the Pil- 
grim Fathers to mankind," quoting 

Meaning again from Thomas Swift, " is 

and Value summed up in these two mighty 

verses : — 

" ' In every land where might holds sway, 
The Pilgrims' leaven is at work to-day.' 

And again in these : — 

" ' The death of nations in their work began ; 
They sowed the seeds of federated man.' " 

The poem is rich in historical allusions. It is 
instinct with a spirit of purest, loftiest patriotism, 
which must awaken in the heart of every reader the 
same noble enthusiasm. 

"It is the crowning work of the 
Estimates poet's life." — James Jeffrey Roche. 

" This beautiful poem is an 
American literary study of exceptionally high merit 
and great profit." — Charles Swift, in The Cham- 
plain Educator, 1904. 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 2I 

THE PILGRIM FATHERS 

(abridged) 

One righteous word for Law — the common will ; 
One living truth of Faith — God regnant still ; 
One primal test of Freedom — all combined ; 
One sacred Revolution — change of mind ; 
One trust unfailing for the night and need — 5 
The tyrant-flower shall cast the freedom-seed. 

So held they firm, the Fathers aye to be, 
From Home to Holland, Holland to the sea — 
Pilgrims for manhood, in their little ship, 
Hope in each heart and prayer on every lip, ' I0 
They could not live by king-made codes and creeds ; 
They chose the path where every footstep bleeds. 
Protesting, not rebelling ; scorned and banned ; 
Through pains and prisons harried from the land ; 
Through double exile, — till at last they stand IS 
Apart from all, — unique, unworldly, true, 
Selected grain to sow the earth anew ; 
A winnowed part — a saving remnant they; 
Dreamers who work — adventurers who pray ! 
What vision led them ? Can we test their pray- 
ers? 20 
Who knows they saw no empire in the West? 
The later Puritans sought land and gold, 
And all the treasures that the Spaniard told ; 
What line divides the Pilgrims from the rest? 



22 SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

We know them by the exile that was theirs ; * 5 

Their justice, faith, and fortitude attest; 

And those long years in Holland, when their band 

Sought humble living in a stranger's land. 

They saw their England covered with a weed 

Of flaunting lordship both in court and creed. 3 ° 

With helpless hands they watched the error grow, 

Pride on the top and impotence below; 

Indulgent nobles, privileged and strong, 

A haughty crew to whom all rights belong; 

The bishops arrogant, the courts impure, 3S 

The rich conspirators against the poor; 

The peasant scorned, the artisan despised; 

The all-supporting workers lowest prized. 

They marked those evils deepen year by year: 

The pensions grow, the freeholds disappear. 4° 

Till England meant but monarch, prelate, peer. 

At last, the Conquest! Now they know the word: 

The Saxon tenant and the Norman lord! 

No longer Merrie England: now it meant 

The payers and the takers of the rent ; 45 

And rent exacted not from lands alone 

All rights and hopes must centre in the throne : 

Law-tithes for prayer — their souls were not their 

own! 
Then twelve slow years in Holland — changing 

years 
Strange ways of life — strange voices in their 

ears ; 5 ° 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 23 

The growing children learning foreign speech ; 

And growing, too, within the heart of each 

A thought of further exile — of a home 

In some far land — a home for life and death 

By their hands built, in equity and faith. S5 

And then the preparation — the heart-beat 
Of wayfarers who may not rest their feet ; 
Their Pastor's blessing — the farewells of some 
Who stayed in Leyden. Then the sea's wide blue! 
"They sailed," writ one, "and as they sailed they 
knew 6o 

That they were Pilgrims ! " 

On the wintry main 
God flings their lives as farmers scatter grain. 
His breath propels the winged seed afloat ; 
His tempests swerve to spare the fragile boat ; 
Before His prompting terrors disappear; 6 * 

He points the way while patient seamen steer ; 
Till port is reached, nor North, nor South, but here ! 

Here, where the shore was rugged as the waves, 

Where frozen nature dumb and leafless lay, 

And no rich meadows bade the Pilgrims stay, 7 ° 

Was spread the symbol of the life that saves : 

To conquer first the outer things; to make 

Their own advantage, unallied, unbound; 

Their blood the mortar, building from the ground ; 



24 SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

Here, on this rock, and on this sterile soil, 75 

Began the kingdom not of kings, but men : 
Began the making of the world again. 
Here struck the seed — the Pilgrims' roofless town, 
Where equal rights and equal bonds were set, 
Where all the people equal-f ranchised met ; 8o 

Where doom was writ of privilege and crown ; 
Where human breath blew all the idols down; 
Where crests were nought, where vulture flags were 

furled, 
And common men began to own the world ! 

All praise to others of the vanguard then! 8s 

To Spain, to France ; to Baltimore and Penn ; 
To Jesuit, Quaker, — Puritan and Priest ; 
Their toil be crowned — their honors be increased ! 
We slight no true devotion, steal no fame 
From other shrines to gild the Pilgrims' name. 9 ° 
Give praise to others, early-come or late, 
For love and labor on our ship of state; 
But this must stand above all fame and zeal : 
The Pilgrim Fathers laid the ribs and keel. 
On their strong lines we base our social health, 95 
The man — the home — the town — the common- 
wealth ! 

Unconscious builders? Yea: the conscious fail! 

Design is impotent if Nature frown. 

No deathless pile has grown from intellect. 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 25 

Immortal things have God for architect, I0 ° 

And men are but the granite He lays down. 

Unconscious ? Yea ! They thought it might avail 

To. build a gloomy creed about their lives. 

To shut out all dissent; but naught survives 

Of their poor structure; and we know to-day I0 5 

Their mission was less pastoral than lay — 

More Nation-seed than Gospel-seed were they ! 

On all the story of a life or race, 

The blessing of a good man leaves its trace. 

Their Pastor's word at Leyden here sufficed: II0 

" But follow me as I have followed Christ! " 

And, " I believe there is more truth to come ! " 

O gentle soul, what future age shall sum 

The sweet incentive of thy tender word! 

Thy sigh to hear of conquest by the sword: IIS 

" How happy to convert and not to slay! " 

When waves of ages have their motive spent, 
Thy sermon preaches in this Monument, 
Where Virtue, Courage, Law, and Learning sit ; 
Calm Faith above them, grasping Holy Writ; I20 
White hand upraised o'er beauteous, trusting eyes, 
And pleading finger pointing to the skies ! 

The past is theirs, the future ours ; and we 
Must learn and teach. Oh, may our record be 
Like theirs, a glory, symbolled in a stone, I2 $ 



2 6 SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

To speak as this speaks, of our labors done. 
They had no model ; but they left us one. 

Severe they were ; but let him cast the stone 
Who Christ's dear love dare measure with his own. 
Their strict professions were not cant nor pride I3 ° 
Who calls them narrow, let his soul be wide! 
Austere, exclusive — ay, but with their faults. 
Their golden probity mankind exalts. 

They never lied in practice, peace, or strife ; 

They were no hypocrites ; their faith was clear ; J 35 

They feared too much some sins men ought to fear ; 

The lordly arrogance and avarice, 

And vain frivolity's besotting vice ; 

The stern enthusiasm of their life 

Impelled too far, and weighed poor nature down ; J 4° 

They missed God's smile, perhaps, to watch His 

- . frown. 

But he who digs for faults shall resurrect 

Their manly virtues born of self-respect. 

How sum their merits ? They were true and brave ; 

They broke no compact and they owned no slave ; I45 

They had no servile order, no dumb throat; 

They trusted first the universal vote; 

The first were they to practice and instill 

The rule of law and not the rule of will; 

They lived one noble test : who would be freed IS ° 

Must give up all to follow duty's lead. 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 2? 

They made no revolution based on blows, 
But taught one truth that all the planet knows, 
That all men think of, looking on a throne 
The people may be trusted with their own! x 55 

In every land wherever might holds sway 

The Pilgrims' leaven is at work to-day. 

May we, as they did, teach in court and school, 

There must be classes, but no class shall rule: 

The sea is sweet, and rots not like the pool. l6 ° 

Though vast the token of our future glory, 
Though tongue of man hath told not such a story, 
Surpassing Plato's dream, More's phantasy, — still 

we 
Have no new principles to keep us free. 
Still must we keep in every stroke and vote l6s 

The law of conscience that the Pilgrims wrote ; 
Our seal their secret: Liberty Can Be; 
The State Is Freedom If The Town Is Free. 
The death of nations in their work began; 
They sowed the seed of federated Man. J 7° 

Dead nations were but robber-holds ; and we 
The first battalion of Humanity! 



UNSPOKEN WORDS 



" Unspoken Words," is another of O'Reilly's 

Lyrics. In its pathos and beauty 

Class it gives us a reflective poem of 

exceeding beauty, and contains a 

lesson well worth heeding. 

The message of the poet in this poem is evident. 
He would teach the duty of speak- 
Purpose ing kind words. Silence is some- 

times as cruel as a harsh word. 
The style, like that of most lyrics, is simple, and 
the flow of the rhythm musical and easy. But one 
thought pervades the poem, and it 
Style culminates in the lines — 

" But oh, what pain, when at God's own command, 
- A heart-string thrills with kindness, but is mute." 

The verse flows smoothly in a pure iambic pen- 
tameter, which is constructed into 
Verse four stanzas of eight lines each. 

The great heart of the sympathetic 
author would give to all the world love and liberty. 



28 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 29 

UNSPOKEN WORDS 

The kindly words that rise within the heart, 

And thrill it with their sympathetic tone, 
But die ere spoken, fail to play their part, 

And claim a merit that is not their own. 
The kindly word unspoken is a sin, — s 

A sin that wraps itself in purest guise, 
And tells the heart that, doubting, looks within, 

That not in speech, but thought, the virtue lies. 

But 'tis not so; another heart may thirst 

For that kind word, as Hagar in the wild — I0 
Poor banished Hagar ! — prayed a well might burst 

From out the sand to save her parching child. 
And loving eyes that can not see the mind 

Will watch the expected movement of the lip : 
Ah! can ye 'let its cutting silence wind IS 

Around that heart, and scathe it like a whip ? 

Unspoken words, like treasures in the mine, 

Are valueless until we give them birth : 
Like unfound gold their hidden beauties shine, 

Which God has made to bless and gild the 
earth. 2 ° 

How sad 'twould be to see^a master's hand 

Strike glorious notes upon a voiceless lute ! 
But oh! what pain when, at God's own command, 

A heart-string thrills with kindness, but is mute! 



3 o SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

Then hide it not, the music of the soul, 25 

Dear sympathy, expressed with kindly voice, 
But let it like a shining river roll 

To deserts dry, — to hearts that would rejoice. 
Oh ! let the symphony of kindly words 

Sound for the poor, the friendless, and the 
weak; 30 

And he will bless you, — he who struck these 
chords 

Will strike another when in turn you seek. 



WENDELL PHILLIPS 



" The death of Wendell Phillips in February, 
1884, was a personal bereavement to O'Reilly, and 
became the inspiration of a poem so full of tender 
feeling and noble eulogy as to rank among the best 
of its kind in the language. He wrote it within six 
hours. It came fromhis- brain, or rather from his 
heart, full-formed and perfect." — James Jeffrey 
Roche. 

" I heartily thank thee for thy noble verse on 
Wendell Phillips. It is worthy of the great orator." 
— John G. Whit tier. 

" 1 am proud to know the man who wrote it ; 
he can quit now, his lasting fame is assured. This 
poem will always shoot above his usual work like 
the great spire in the Cathedral town." — George 
W. Cable. 

Perhaps the most remarkable tribute in its way, 
paid to O'Reilly's poem on Phillips, was the invi- 
tation gravely extended to him by the city govern- 
ment of Boston to write another poem on. the same 
subject for the memorial services held by the city 
the following April. 

This lyric, written in melodious anapestic coup- 
lets, may be classed with " Lycidas," " In Memo- 
riam," and other famous elegies. 

31 



32 SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

WENDELL PHILLIPS 

What shall we mourn? For the prostrate tree that 
sheltered the young green wood? 

For the fallen clifT that fronted the sea, and guarded 
the fields from the flood? 

For the eagle that died in the tempest, afar from 
its eyrie's brood? 

Nay, not for these shall we weep ; for the silver cord 

must be worn, 
And the golden fillet shrink back at last, and the 

dust to its earth return; 
And tears are never for those who die with their 

face to the duty done; 
But we mourn for the fledglings left on the waste, 

and the fields where the wild waves run. 

From the midst of the flock he defended, the brave 

one has gone to his rest; 
And the tears of the poor he befriended their wealth 

of affliction attest. 
From the midst of the people is stricken a symbol 

they daily saw, 
Set over against the law books, of a Higher than 

Human Law ; 
For his life was a ceaseless protest, and his voice 

was a prophet's cry 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 33 

To be true to the Truth and faithful, though the 
world were arrayed for the Lie. 

From the hearing of those who hated, a threatening 

voice has past; 
But the lives of those who believe and die are not 

blown like a leaf on the blast. 
A sower of infinite seed was he, a woodman that 

hewed toward the light, 
Who dared to be traitor to Union when Union was 

traitor to Right! 

" Fanatic ! " the insects hissed, till he taught them to 
understand 

That the highest crime may be written in the high- 
est law of 'the land. 

" Disturber " and " Dreamer " the Philistines cried 
when he preached an ideal creed, 

Till they learned that the men who have changed 
the world with the world have disagreed; 

That the remnant is right, when the masses are led 
like sheep to the pen ; 

For the instinct of equity slumbers till roused by 
instinctive men. 

It is not enough to win rights from a king and 

write them down in a book. 
New men, new lights; and the father's code the 

sons may never brook. 



34 . SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

What is liberty now were license then: their free- 
dom our yoke would be; 

And each new decade must have new men to deter- 
mine its liberty. 

Mankind is a marching army, with a broadening 
front the while: 

Shall it crowd its bulk on the farm-paths, or clear 
to the outward file ? 

Its pioneers are the dreamers who fear neither 
tongue nor pen 

Of the human spiders whose silk is wove from 
the lives of toiling men. 

Come, brothers, here to the burial ! But weep not, 

rather rejoice, 
For his fearless life and his fearless death; for his 

true, unequalled voice, 
Like a silver trumpet sounding the note of human 

right ; 
For his brave heart always ready to enter the weak 

one's fight; 
For his soul unmoved by the mob's wild shout or 

social sneer's disgrace; 
For his freeborn spirit that drew no line between 

class or creed or race. 

Come, workers ; here was a teacher, and the lesson 
he taught was good: 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 



35 



There are no classes or races, but one human 

brotherhood ; 
There are no creeds to be outlawed, no colors of 

skin debarred ; 
Mankind is one in its rights and wrongs — one 

right, one hope, one guard. 
By his life he taught, by his death we learn the 

great reformer's creed: 
The right to be free, and the hope to be just, and 

the guard against selfish greed. 
And richest of all are the unseen wreaths on his 

coffin-lid laid down 
By the toil-stained hands of workmen — their sob, 

their kiss, and their crown. 



MISCELLANEOUS SELECTIONS 



IN BOHEMIA 

In 1885, O'Reilly wrote the poem which has had, per- 
haps, more admirers than any single lyric from his pen, 
" In Bohemia." He first read it to his brothers of the 
Papyrus Club, who only anticipated the verdict of all read- 
ers in accepting it as the national anthem of the boundless 
realm of Bohemia. A Papyrus president, Col. T. A. 
Dodge, visited geographical Bohemia a few years ago, 
and brought home, as a trophy for the club, a beautiful 
silver salver, on which is engraved in Bohemian and Eng- 
lish characters the text, " I'd rather live in Bohemia than 
in any other land." — James Jeffrey Roche. 

I'd rather live in Bohemia than in any other land ; 

For only there are the values true, 

And the laurels gathered in all men's view. 

The prizes of traffic and the state are won 

By shrewdness or force or by deeds undone ; 

But fame is sweeter without the feud, 

And the wise of Bohemia are never shrewd. 

Here, pilgrims stream with a faith sublime 

From every class and clime and time, 

Aspiring only to be enrolled 

With the names that are writ in the book of gold ; 

And each one bears in mind or hand 

A palm of the dear Bohemian land. 

36 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 



37 



The scholar first, with his book — a youth 

Aflame with the glory of harvested truth ; 

A girl with a picture, a man. with a play, 

A boy with a wolf he has modeled in clay ; 

A smith with a marvelous hilt and _sword f 

A player, a king, a plowman, a lord — 

And the player is king when the door is past. 

The plowman is crowned, and the lord is last! 

I'd rather fail in Bohemia than win in another land ; 

There are no titles inherited there, 

No hoard or hope for the brainless heir ; 

No gilded dullard native born 

To stare at his fellow with leaden scorn : 

Bohemia has none but adopted sons; 

Its limits, where Fancy's bright stream runs ; 

Its honors, not garnered for thrift or trade, 

But for beauty and truth men's souls have made. 

To the empty heart in a jeweled breast 

There is value, maybe, in a purchased crest ; 

But the thirsty of soul soon learn to know 

The moistureless froth of the social show ; 

The vulgar sham of the pompous feast 

Where the heaviest purse is the highest priest ; 

The organized charity, scrimped and iced, 

In the name of a cautious, statistical Christ ; 

The smile restrained, the respectable cant, 

When a friend in need is a friend in want ; 

Where the only aim is to keep afloat, 

And a brother may drown with a cry in his throat. 



38 SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

Oh, I long for the glow of a kindly heart and the 

grasp of a friendly hand, 
And I'd rather live in Bohemia than in any other 

land. 



WHAT IS GOOD? 

" This little poem was published in the Georgetown 
(D. C.) College Journal, in October, 1889. It contains in 
four words the creed by which he lived, the ideal to which 
he reached : — 

' Kindness is the word/ 

Kindness, always kindness, was his watchword." — James 
Jeffrey Roche. 

"What is the real good?" 
I asked in musing mood. 

Order, said the law court; 
Knowledge, said the school ; 
Truth, said the wise man ; 
Pleasure, said the fool; 
Love, said the maiden; 
Beauty, said the page ; 
Freedom, said the dreamer; 
Home, said the sage ; 
Fame, said the soldier; 
Equity, said the seer; — 

Spake my heart full sadly : 
" The answer is not here." 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 39 

Then within my bosom 
Softly this I heard : 
" Each heart holds the secret : 
Kindness is the word." 



A TRAGEDY 

In this poem, we think Boyle O'Reilly has touched the 
high-water mark of his lyrical poetry. 

" The poem has a value apart from its pathos and its 
beauty ; for the " lighthouse flame " is very like the heart 
of the poet, which could not rest long in the pleasant things 
of life near at hand, but went afar with the ships at sea, 
to his brother-man on the remotest shore, wherever there 
was agony under oppression, or struggle for freedom." — 
Katherine E. Conway. 

A soft-breasted bird from the sea 

Fell in love with the light-house flame; 
And it wheeled round the tower on its airiest wing, 
And floated and cried like a love-lorn thing; 
It brooded all day and it fluttered all night, 
But could win no look from the steadfast light. 

For the flame had its heart afar, — 
Afar with the ships at sea; 
It was thinking of children and waiting wives, 
And the darkness and danger to sailors' lives; 
But the bird had its tender bosom pressed 
On the glass where at last it dashed its breast. 

The light only flickered, the brighter to glow ; 

But the bird lay dead on the rocks below. 



4 o SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 

ENSIGN EPPS, THE COLOR-BEARER 

" In the Outing Magazine for December, 1885, appeared 
O'Reilly's best as well as his shortest narrative poem, 
' Ensign Epps, the Color-Bearer.' The humble hero of the 
' Battle of Flanders ' has been commemorated in prose by 
some musty chronicler, but his fame will last as long as 
that of the poet who has embalmed his deed in such noble 
verse." — James Jeffrey Roche. 

Ensign Epps, at the battle of Flanders, 

Sowed a seed of glory and duty 

That flowers and flames in height and beauty 

Like a crimson lily with heart of gold, 

To-day, when the wars of Ghent are old 

And buried as deep *is their dead commanders. 

Ensign Epps was the color-bearer, — 

No matter on which side, Philip or Earl ; 

Their cause was the shell — his deed was the pearl. 

Scarce more than a lad, he had been a sharer 

That day in the wildest work of the field. 

He was wounded and spent, and the fight was lost ; 

His comrades were slain, or a scattered host- 

But stainless and scathless, out of the strife, 
He had carried his colors safer than life. 
By the river's brink, without weapon or shield, 
He faced the victors. The thick-heart mist 
He dashed from his eyes, and the silk he kissed 
Ere he held it aloft in the setting sun, 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 4I 

As proudly as if the fight were won, 

And he smiled when they ordered him to yield. 

Ensign Epps, with his broken blade, 

Cut the silk from the gilded staff, 

Which he poised like a spear till the charge was 

made, 
And hurled at the leader with a laugh. 
Then round his breast, like the scarf of his love, 
He tied the colors his heart above, 
And plunged in his armor into the tide, 
And there, in his dress of honor, died. 

Where are the lessons your kinglings teach ? 
And what is text of your proud commanders? 
Out of the centuries, heroes reach 
With the scroll of a deed, with the word of a story, 
Of one man's truth and of all men's glory, 
Like Ensign Epps at the battle of Flanders. 



WHEAT GRAINS 

As grains from chaff, I sift these worldly rules, 
Kernels of wisdom, from the husks of schools : 

I. 

Benevolence befits the wisest mind; 
But he who has not studied to be kind, 



42 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 



Who grants for asking, gives without a rule, 
Hurts whom he helps, and proves himself a fool. 

II. 

The wise man is sincere : but he who tries 
To be sincere, haphazard, is not wise. 

III. 

Knowledge is gold to him who can discern 
That he who loves to know, must love to learn. 

IV. 

Straightforward speech is very certain good ; 
But he who has not learned its rule is rude. 

V. 

Boldness and firmness, these are virtues each, 
Noble in action, excellent in speech. 
But who is bold, without considerate skill, 
Rashly rebels, and has no law but will; 
While he called firm, illiterate and crass, 
With mulish stubbornness obstructs the pass. 



VI. 

The mean of soul are sure their faults to gloss, 
And find a secret gain in others' loss. 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY 43 



VII. 

Applause the bold man wins, respect the grave; 
Some, only being not modest, think they're brave. 

VIII. 

The petty wrong-doer may escape unseen ; 

But what from sight the moon eclipsed shall screen ? 

Superior minds must err in sight of men, 

Their eclipse o'er, they rule the world again. 

IX. 

Temptation waits for all, and ills will come ; 
But some go out and ask the devil home. 

X. 

" I love God," said the saint. God spake above : 
" Who loveth me must love those whom I love." 
" I scourge myself," the hermit cried. God spake : 
"Kindness is prayer; but not a self-made ache." 



QUOTATIONS 



Those we love truly never die. — Love Anchored. 

The punishment of falsehood is to suspect all 
truth. 

A nation's greatness lies in men, not acres. — A 
Nation's Test. 

There is no seed so infallible and so fruitful as 
the seed of human sacrifice. 

Loss "is an empty cup — an overturned vessel. 
Defeat in a good contest means a cup that lacks only 
one or more drops of being completely full. 

" How shall I a habit break? " 
As you did that habit make. 
As you gathered, you must lose ; 
As you yielded, now refuse. 

— A Builder's Lesson. 

A man's higher being is knowing and seeing, 

Not having and toiling for more ; 
In the senses and soul is the joy of control, 

Not in pride or luxurious store. 

— The Higher Being. 

44 



SELECTIONS FROM O'REILLY ^ 

Too late we learn — a man must hold his friend 
Un judged, accepted, trusted to the end. 

— A Man and His Friend. 

The sweet-faced moon reflects on cheerless night 
The rays of hidden sun to shine to-morrow ; 

So unseen God' still lets His promised light 
Through Holy Mary shine upon our sorrow. 

— Mary. 

Joys have three stages, Hoping, Having, and Had; 
The hands of Hope are empty, and the Heart of 

Having is sad; 
For the joy we take, in the taking dies ; and the joy 

we Had is its ghost. 
Now which is better — the joy unknown, or the joy 

we have clasped and lost? 

— The Sorrow of Having. 



NOTES AND QUESTIONS 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH 

i. Briefly describe the birthplace of O'Reilly. 

2. What is said of his parentage and early life? 

3. When and why did he enter the British army? 

4. Give an account of his arrest and trial. 

5. Relate something of his prison experiences. 

6. Why was O'Reilly taken to Australia? 

7. Locate Fremantle, Australia, whither O'Reilly was 
transported. 

The great white stone prison at Fremantle, is the reason for the 
town's existence. 

8. Recount his escape from Australia. 

9. Sketch briefly his life in America. 

10. What is said of O'Reilly's wonderful personality? 

11. What seemed to be the keynote of his life? 

• 12. Quote some expressions that indicate the high esteem 
in which the poet was held. 

13. Give Mr. Mosely's estimate of O'Reilly's character. 

14. Describe an incident of his home life. 

15. Quote the beautiful tribute of praise to O'Reilly's moral 
integrity. 

16. What great lesson may we learn from his life? 

17. Which of O'Reilly's poems first attracted attention? 

18. Briefly discuss " Moondyne." 

19. In which poem do we find the poet's favorite lines? 

20. Quote and explain the meaning of these lines. 

21. For what occasion did O'Reilly write "America"? 
" From the Heights " ? 

46 



NOTES AND QUESTIONS 4? 

22. Quote a stanza from his last poem. 

23. Give an estimate of his finest works. 



THE PILGRIM FATHERS 

1. Read the poem carefully ; then re-read it the third or 
fourth time. 

2. For what occasion was this poem written? 

3. Why is it particularly adapted as a study for American 
youth ? 

4. Relate the history of the Pilgrim Fathers. 

5^ What sympathy between poet and theme? Develop the 
parallel. 

6. Quote the lines in which O'Reilly points out the dis- 
tinction between the Pilgrim Fathers and other New Eng- 
landers. 

7. Which lines describe the chief work of the Pilgrim 
Fathers ? 

8. How does the poet treat the proverbial religious intol- 
erance of the Pilgrim Fathers ? 

9. What is the meaning and value of the work of the 
Pilgrim Fathers? 

10. Develop the striking thought expressed in line 6. 

11. What figure in line 17? 

12. Why is line 19 particularly strong? 

13. Paraphrase the figures in lines 29, 30. 

14. Give the particulars of the conquest referred to in line 
42. 

15. Read the first chapter of " Ivanhoe," and compare it 
with lines 42-48. 

16. Briefly summarize the history alluded to in lines 29-48. 

17. What figures in lines 59, 61, 62, 63, 69, 70? 

18. Locate Leyden. 



4 8 NOTES AND QUESTIONS 

19. Line 58. " Their pastor's blessing." This pastor was 
Rev. John Robinson. 

20. Justify the historical allusions in lines 86, 87. 

21. What was " Plato's dream "? 

This is an allusion to Plato's celebrated dialogue, A Republic, or, 
Concerning What Is Just. To say of Plato's Republic that it is the 
idea of a perfect commonwealth, is not to give by any means an 
adequate, or even a just description of it. It is in one sense, to be 
sure, a dream of social and political perfection, and, so far, its com- 
mon title is not altogether inapplicable to it; but it bears hardly any 
resemblance to the things that generally pass under that name; to 
the figments, for example, of Harrington and Sir Thomas More. 
— Anthon's Classical Dictionary. 

22. What is meant by " More's phantasy " ? 

Utopia, from the Greek, meaning " not a land," is a term in- 
vented by Sir Thomas More (1478-1535), and applied by him to an 
imaginary island which he represented to have been discovered by a 
companion of Amerigo Vespucci, and as enjoying the utmost per- 
fection in laws, politics, et£., in contradistinction to the defects of 
those which then existed elsewhere. The name has now passed into 
all the languages of Europe to signify a state of ideal perfection. 

23. Read Mrs. Heman's " Landing of the Pilgrims," and 
compare it with O'Reilly's " The Pilgrim Fathers." 

24. Describe the versification of " The Pilgrim Fathers." 

25. In style, to what famous poem may it be compared? 
Scan the first six lines. 



UNSPOKEN WORDS 

1. To which class of poetry does " Unspoken Words " be- 
long? 

2. What is its message? 

3. Describe the structure of the poem ? 

4. Scan the first stanza. 



NOTES AND QUESTIONS 49 

5. Memorize particularly the fifth verse of first stanza. 

6. Relate the story of Hagar. 

7. Explain the allusion to Hagar in this poem. 

8. Discuss the figure in lines 5-8. In lines 15, 16. 

9. What similes in lines 17-20? 

10. Describe the pen-picture in lines 21, 22. 

11. To what instrument is the heart compared in lines 21, 

24? 

12. What is the music of the soul? 

13. Point out the beautiful thought in lines 25-28. 

14. Why is this poem peculiarly characteristic of the 
author ? 



WENDELL PHILLIPS 

1. What was the inspiration of this poem? 

2. Who was Wendell Phillips ? 

Wendell Phillips, born at Boston, Nov. 29, 181 1, was a noted 
American orator and abolitionist. He was educated at Harvard; was 
admitted to the bar in 1834; was the leading orator of the abolition- 
ists from 1837-61; was president of the Anti-Slavery Society from 
1865-70. He was also a prominent advocate of penal and labor re- 
form. — Century Dictionary. 

3. State the opinions of some critics as to its merit. 

4. To what class of poetry does it belong? 

5. Describe its versification. 

6. Scan the third stanza. 

7. What other great poems are similar to it in theme? 

8. Who was the author of " Lycidas " ? Who was the sub- 
ject of this lamentation? 

Edward King, son of Sir John King, who was Secretary for 
Ireland under Queen Elizabeth, James I, and Charles I. 

9. Who wrote " In Memoriam " ? Whom did the author 
mourn? Henry Arthur Hallam. 



5 o NOTES AND QUESTIONS 

io. Who are "Philistines" in this sense of the word? 

A " Philistine " is a person deficient in liberal culture, without 
appreciation of the nobler aspirations and sentiments of humanity; 
one whose scope is limited to selfish and material interests. — 
{Recent) M. Arnold. As an adjective, the term means uncultured; 
commonplace. — Webster. 

ii. Explain how "the men who have changed the world 
with the world have disagreed." Give examples. 

12. Point out the majesty of O'Reilly's friendship for 
Wendell Phillips, as expressed in the seventh stanza. 



MISCELLANEOUS SELECTIONS 
IN BOHEMIA 

i. What is the meaning of the word Bohemia, as used in 
the title, " In Bohemia " ? 

Bohemia is a name for any place where people, especially artists 
and literary people, lead an unconventional or somewhat irregular 
life; or, the people collectively who lead such a life. This usage, 
with that of the adjective Bohemian, in corresponding senses, was 
introduced from the French, who associated Bohemia with gipsies, 
by Thackeray. — Stanford Dictionary. 

2. Determine the metre and rhyme of " In Bohemia," and 
scan the first thirteen lines. 

3. Read and re-read the poem until you find and recognize 
the exquisite beauty in O'Reilly's love of the Bohemian, in the 
above-explained acceptation of the word. 

4. Quote the last two lines. 

5. Where is geographical Bohemia? 

6. Relate its history briefly. 



NOTES AND QUESTIONS 5I 

WHAT IS GOOD? 

i. Which of O'Reilly's poems is the expression of the 
creed by which he lived? 

2. What is the real good according to O'Reilly? 

3. Quote the poem, " What is Good ? " 



A TRAGEDY 

1. What is O'Reilly's finest lyric? 

2. Quote Katherine E. Conway's criticism. 

3. Why has the poem a value apart from its pathos and 
its beauty? 

4. Determine the metre and rhyme. 

5. Scan the first six lines. 

6. Recite the poem. , 



ENSIGN EPPS, THE COLOR-BEARER 

1. Which is O'Reilly's best narrative poem? 

2. Give the history of the battle of Flanders. 

3. Where is Flanders? 

4. Tell the story of the color-bearer. 

5. Describe the versification. 

6. Scan the first stanza. 



WHEAT GRAINS 

Plant the ten " Wheat Grains " in the fertile soil of your 
mind; water them with careful thinking; give them the 
warmth and light of your efforts to develop and expand their 
rich kernels, until you have ten literary plantlets of say 150 
words each. 




ABRAM J. RYAN 



INTRODUCTION 



Abram J. Ryan [1834 or 36-1886] 

The name of Abram J. Ryan, the Poet-Priest 
of the South, is familiar to most Americans, par- 
ticularly to those of his own loved Southland, yet 
his musical poems are not so widely known as 
their beauty merits. Father Ryan never dreamed 
of being ranked as a poet — his productions he 
called "verses," and objected to any higher title 
for them, — yet we can not be too grateful to the 
friends who urged the publication of the works 
which the author declares were " written at ran- 
dom — off and on, here, there, anywhere — just 
when the mood came, with little of study and less 
of art, and always in a hurry." 

We can better form an estimate of the poems 
after knowing something" of the poet, and in this 
instance, we can in turn judge much of the inner 
life of the man from his works — for few authors 
have so stamped their personality upon their com- 
positions as Rev. Abram Ryan. 

The place of Father Ryan's birth is a matter of 

dispute; some claim he was born 

Early Life in one of the Southern States, 

others that he came from Ireland. 



53 



54 SELECTIONS FROM RYAN 

However that may be, it is certain^ that he received 
his early education in St. Louis with the Brothers 
of the Christian Schools. His distinguished ability 
and deep spirituality were not unremarked by his 
teachers, who tenderly fostered his evident voca- 
tion to the priesthood. He completed his studies 
in the ecclesiastical seminary at Niagara, N.Y., was 
ordained priest, and began his life as a missionary. 
Father Ryan's public life may be said to have begun 
at the outbreak of the Civil War, 
Public Life when he entered the Confederate 
army as chaplain. This post he 
filled until the close of the war, when he was sta- 
tioned; successively at Nashville and Clarkesville, 
Tenn., Augusta, Ga., and Mobile, Ala. After act- 
ing as pastor of St. Mary's Church in Mobile for 
thirteen years, he obtained a leave of absence from 
.his Bishop to make a lecture tour of the United 
States in furtherance of some charitable underta- 
kings beneficial to the South. 
Death While occupied with this work, 

his health, which for years had 
been fragile, failed utterly, and on the 23d of April, 
1886, Father Ryan died in a Franciscan Monastery 
in Louisville, Ky., where he had retired to make a 
retreat. 

Though Father Ryan's literary talents were de- 
voted to various uses — he was an essayist, a lec- 
turer, a contributor to magazines — it is our priv- 



SELECTIONS FROM RYAN 55 

ilege to speak of him but as a writer of poems which 
bear the stamp of true poetic genius. The author's 
simple preface to his volume of verses is a book 
of thought in itself. Speaking of himself in the 
third person, he says, " The poems are incomplete 
in finish, as the author is; tho' he 
Author's thinks they are true in tone. His 

Estimate of feet know more of the humble steps 
His Work that lead up to the Altar and its 

Mysteries than of the steps that 
lead up to Parnassus and the Home of the Muses. 
And souls were always more to him than songs. 
But- still, somehow — and he could not tell why — 
he sometimes tried to sing." 

Many admirable qualities were undoubtedly 
Father Ryan's possession, yet three characteristics 
are apparent to even the casual 
Marked Char- reader of his verse — love for his 
acteristics mother, to whom the volume is ded- 

icated ; love for the " sunny South " 
and the " Lost Cause " that awakened the tenderest 
minor strains in the harmony of his verse ; and love 
for Mary Immaculate. 

The " Song of the Mystic " is a fitting first num- 
ber in his poems, a glimpse of his soul which ac- 
counts for the sadness — real, yet 
Minor Strains sweet and hopeful sadness — dis- 
Throughout cernible in everything that came 
from his pen. 



5 6 SELECTIONS FROM RYAN 

His attention was perhaps called to this mourn- 
ful strain, else he must have discovered it himself, 
as one can see in the poem under the simple caption, 
" Lines — 1875." The refrain — slightly modified 
in each stanza — is, — 

" Why does your poetry sound like a sigh ? 
The waves will not answer you ; neither shall I." 

The Confederate love of the Poet- 
His Love for Priest knew no abatement at the 
the South close of the War, as many of his 

poems testify; yet a sweet Prov- 
idence of God mollified his feelings when, during 
the yellow-fever epidemic, the generosity of the 
North called forth the admiration of the noble 
Southerners. To show his appreciation, Father 
Ryan wrote his fine poem, " Reunited." 

Many critics find in Father Ryan's style a re- 
semblance to that of Edgar Allan Poe. In Moran's 

" Memoir " of the Southern poet, 
What Critics we find this estimate : " The chief 
Say of the merits of his poems would seem to 
Poet-Priest be the simple sublimity of his 

verses ; the rare and chaste beauty 
of his conceptions ; the richness and grandeur of 
his thoughts, and their easy natural flow ; the refined 
elegance and captivating force of the terms he em- 
ploys as the medium through which he communi- 
cates those thoughts, and the weird fancy which 
throws around them charms peculiarly their own." 



SELECTIONS FROM RYAN 57 

In a sympathetic and appreciative article on the 
" Poetry of the , South," in the International 
Monthly, Hamilton Wright Mabie pays a warm 
tribute of praise to Father Ryan's poems, and our 
leading critic, Mr. Stedman, considers that Father 
Ryan's emotional strains will reach a larger circle 

than more highly finished song. 
Most Popular The author's published poems num- 
Poems ber about one hundred and twenty, 

the most popular of which are, 
"The Conquered Banner," "Erin's Flag," "The 
Sword of Robert Lee," " The Rhyme," and " The 
Song of the Mystic." The last two are his most 
polished productions. 

We have selected " In Rome " for study because 

of its historic value. " In Rome " 
" In Rome " is a short narrative poem recording 

the poet's sentiments upon realizing 
that he was truly in Rome — that Rome of which 
he had thought and dreamed from boyhood. The 
stanzas which follow the introductory lines embody 
quiet reflections on the events of the past, so the 
narrative is of the class called descriptive. The 

style is simple, but the figures are 
Style and varied and beautiful. The poet em- 

Metre ploys a species of common metre, 

the alternating single and double 
rhymes having a pleasing effect. 



IN ROME 



At last, the dream of youth 

Stands fair and bright before me, 
The sunshine of the home of truth 

Falls tremulously o'er me. 

And tower, and spire, and lofty dome s 

In brightest skies are gleaming; 
Walk I, to-day, the ways of Rome, 

Or am I only dreaming? 

No, 'tis no dream ; my very eyes 

Gaze on the hill-tops seven ; IO 

Where crosses rise and kiss the skies, 

And grandly point to Heaven. 

Gray ruins loom on ev'ry side, 

Each stone an age's story; 
They seem the very ghosts of pride I5 

That watch the grave of glory. 

There Senates sat, whose sceptre sought 

An empire without limit; 
There grandeur dreamed its dream and thought 

That death would never dim it. 2 ° 

58 



SELECTIONS FROM RYAN 59 

There rulers reigned; yon heap of stones 

Was once their gorgeous palace ; 
Beside them now, on altar-thrones, 

The priests lift up the chalice. 

There legions marched with bucklers bright, 2S 

And lances lifted o'er them ; 
While flags, like eagles plumed for flight, 

Unfurled their wings before them. 

There poets sang, whose deathless name 

Is linked to deathless verses ; 3 ° 

There heroes hushed with shouts of fame 
Their trampled victim's curses. 

There marched the warriors back to home, 

Beneath yon crumbling portal, 
And placed upon the brow of Rome 35 

The proud crown of immortal. 

There soldiers stood with armor on, 

In steel-clad ranks and serried, 
The while their red swords flashed upon 

The slaves whose rights they buried. 4 ° 

Here Pagan pride, with sceptre, stood, 

And fame would not forsake it, 
Until a simple cross of wood 

Came from the East to break it. 



60 SELECTIONS FROM RYAN 

That Rome is dead — here is the grave — 45 

Dead glory rises never; 
And countless crosses o'er it wave, 

And will wave on forever. 

" Beyond the Tiber gleams a dome," 

Above the hill-tops seven; 5 ° 

It arches o'er the world from Rome, 

And leads the world to Heaven. 



SONG OF THE MYSTIC 



I walk down the Valley of Silence — 
Down the dim, voiceless valley — alone ! 

And I hear not the fall of a footstep 
Around me, save God's and my own ; 

And the hush of my heart is as holy s 

As hovers where angels have flown! 

Long ago was I weary of voices 

Whose music my heart could not win; 
-i Long ago was I weary of noises 

That fretted my soul with their din; I0 

Long ago was I weary of places 

Where I met but the human — and sin. 

I walked in the world with the worldly ; 

I craved what the world never gave; 
And I said: " In the world each Ideal, J s 

That shines like a star on life's wave, 
Is wrecked on the shores of the Real, 

And sleeps like a dream in a grave." 

And still did I pine for the Perfect, 

And still, found the False with the True ; 20 

I sought 'mid the Human for Heaven, 

But caught a mere glimpse of its Blue: 

61 



62 SELECTIONS FROM RYAN 

And I wept when the clouds of the Mortal 
Veiled even that glimpse from my view. 

And I toiled on, heart-tired of the Human, 2 s 

And I moaned 'mid the mazes of men, 

Till I knelt, long ago, at an altar 

And I heard a voice call me. Since then 

I walk down the Valley of Silence 

That lies far beyond mortal ken. 30 

Do you ask what I found in the Valley ? 

'Tis my Trysting Place with the Divine. 
And I fell at the feet of the Holy, 

And above me a voice said : " Be mine." 
And there arose from the depths of my spirit 35 

An echo, " My heart shall be thine." 

Do you ask how I live in the Valley? 

I weep — and I dream — and I pray. 
But my tears are as sweet as the dewdrops 

That fall on the roses in May;- 40 

And my prayer, like a perfume from censers, 

Ascendeth to God night and day. 

In the hush of the Valley of Silence 

I dream all the songs that I sing; 
And the music floats down the dim Valley, 4S 

Till each finds a word for a wing, 
That to hearts, like the Dove of the Deluge, 

A message of Peace they may bring. 



SELECTIONS FROM RYAN 63 

But far on the deep there are billows 

That never shall break on the beach ; so 

And I have heard songs in the Silence 

That never shall float into speech; 
And I have had dreams in the Valley 

Too lofty for language to reach. 

And I have seen Thoughts in the Valley ss 

Ah ! me, how my spirit was stirred ! 
And they wear holy veils on their faces, 

Their footsteps can scarcely be heard : 
They pass through the Valley like Virgins, 

Too pure for the touch of a word! 6o 

Do you ask me the place of the Valley, 
Ye hearts that are harrowed by Care? 

It lieth afar between mountains, 
And God and His angels are there : 

And one is the dark mount of Sorrow, 6 s 

And one the bright mountain of Prayer. 



PASSAGES WORTH MEMORIZING 



Life is a burden — bear it ; 
Life is a duty — dare it; 
Life is a thorn-crown — wear it, 

Though it break your heart in twain; 
Though the burden crush you down, 
Close your lips, and hide the pain; 
First the cross, and then, the crown. 



Thought. 



Hearts, that are great are always lone, 
They never will manifest their best; 

Their greatest greatness is unknown — 
Earth knows a little — God, the rest. 

— A Thought. 

For ah! the sweet way to God 

Is up the lonely stream of tears, 
That flow when bending 'neath His rod 

And fill the tide of earthly years. — Tears. 

We laugh when our souls are the saddest, 
We shroud all our griefs in a smile; 

Our voices may warble their gladdest 

And our souls mourn in anguish the while. 

— Reverie. 

6 4 



SELECTIONS FROM RYAN 65 

There is no fate — God's love 

Is law beneath each law, 
And law all laws above 

Fore'er, without a flaw. 

— Inevitable. 

Better than gold is a conscience clear, 
Though toiling for bread in an humble sphere, 
Doubly blessed with content and health, 
Untried by the lusts and cares of wealth. 

— Better than Gold. 

It is a touch beyond our ken — 

And yet a truth that all may read — 

It is with roses as with men, 

The sweetest hearts are those that bleed. 

— A Thought. 

To forget often means to remember 
What we had forgotten too long; 

The fragrance is not the bright flower, 
The echo is not the sweet song. 

— Nocturne. 

The Master sleeps — His pilot guards the bark ; 

He soon will wake, and at His mighty will 
The light will shine where all before was dark — 

The wild waves still remember : " Peace ! be still." 

— Peace! Be Still. 



66 SELECTIONS FROM RYAN 

For Grief is God's own kiss 

Upon a soul. 
Look up ! the sun of bliss 

Will shine where storm-clouds roll. 

— Hope. 



LofC. 



NOTES AND QUESTIONS 



i. Father Ryan is known by what familiar title? 

2. Give a brief sketch of his life. 

3. Are his poems the result of studied and careful labor? 

4. What fact proves their popularity? 

5. Name some of the best known of Father Ryan's poems*. 

6. What are the chief merits of his poetry? 

7. Give Jenkins's estimate of Father Ryan's work. 

8. To what class of poetry does "In Rome" belong? 

9. What ambition of youth is revealed in the first 
stanza ? 

10. Line 3. " Home of truth." Explain. 

11. Line 10. What means the "hill-tops seven"? 

12. Name the Hills. 

13. Line 13. " Gray ruins loom on every side." The arch 
of Titus, erected by the Senate and Roman people, to his 
honor, is one of the best preserved monuments of ancient 
Rome. It is of white marble, and consists of one arcade. In 
the interior of the arch are two basso-relievos, which, though 
much injured by time, are the finest known. One of these 
represents a triumphal march with Jewish captives, and sol- 
diers bearing the golden table, the golden seven-branched 
candlestick, and other spoils of the temple of Jerusalem. 

The Coliseum. This wondrous building was commenced 
by Flavius Vespasian, a. d. 72, on the site of Nero's lake and 
garden. It is said to have been finished in five years. Twelve 
thousand Jews were employed in the building of it. The 
famous colossal statue of Nero was transported hither (from 
this it is called the Coliseum). Titus finished it, and dedi- 
cated it to his father, Vespasian. The Coliseum is of the 
form of an ellipse. It is four stories high, and is adorned 

67 



68 NOTES AND QUESTIONS 

with pillars. The lower columns are of the Doric order, 30 
ft. high. In the second tier the columns are of Ionic, 33 ft. 
high. In the third, Corinthian, 54 ft. high. In the fourth, 
the pillars are of the composite order, with large windows 
between them, forty in number. The height of the outward 
wall is 157 ft.; originally, the building covered nearly six 
acres. The Coliseum is of interest at the present day be- 
cause for two centuries the martyrs suffered there. 

The Arch of Constantine is in Rome, near the " Meta 
Sudans," the ruins of an ancient fountain. The arch was 
erected in 312 by the Senate and the Roman people, in honor 
of Constantine's triumph over Maxentius. It consists of three 
arcades, remarkable for their size and for their gracefulness. 

The Forum, the very heart of Rome, the spot round which 
center so many world-stirring events for a period of a thou- 
sand years, is now a scene of desolation ; its temples are 
fallen, its pagan sanctuaries have crumbled into dust; its 
basilicas, colonnades, rostra, monuments, lie scattered on the 
ground, which is cumbered with heaps of broken shafts, frag- 
ments of marble capitals and cornices, and masses of shape- 
less brick work; only here and there a few shattered porticos 
are left, helping us to conceive some idea of what this great 
center of the civic life of ancient Rome was in the flourish- 
ing days of the empire. (From Chandlery's " Pilgrim Walks 
in Rome.") When " The Forum " is mentioned, the great 
" Forum Romanum " is understood, this being the famous 
one which, from the time of the kings, formed the political 
center of Rome. Its western end was occupied by the office 
of the archives, in front of which stood the temples of Con- 
cord and Vespasian. On its southern side were the temple of 
Saturn, the Basilica Julia, the temples of Castor and Pollux 
and of Vesta, and on its northern side the arch of Septimius 
Severus, the Curia, the Basilica Aemilia, and the temples of 
Antonius and Faustina and of Romulus. In the middle of 
the eastern part rose the temple and rostra of Julius Caesar. 



NOTES AND QUESTIONS 69 

The more ancient and famous rostra from which Cicero 
spoke were at the western end. 

14. Explain line 14. 

15. Line 15. " Ghosts of pride." Might Napoleon, Alex- 
ander, Saul, Aman, be so called ? Why ? 

16. Give derivation of word " senate." What power had 
this body in ancient Rome? 

17. What figures in lines 17 and 19? 

18. Line 18. " Empire without limit." What was the ex- 
tent of the Roman empire when greatest. 

19. Line 21. " There rulers reigned." Kings were the 
founders and first sovereigns. They were seven in number. 
Rome then became a Republic, and continued until Augustus 
made it an empire after the battle of Actium. 

20. Lines 21-24. Lanciana gives the following list of pagan 
edifices in or near the Forum converted into Christian 
churches : — 

1. The Coliseum had many churches and oratories, four 
dedicated to our Saviour, one to St. James, one to St. 
Agatha, one to Sts. Abdon and Sennen (the latter at the 
foot of the Colossus of the Sun), besides other chapels which 
were in the Amphitheater itself. 

2. Church of St. Peter, where now stands Sta. Francesca, 
called also Sta. Maria Nuova, on the ruins of the temple of 
Venus. 

3. St. Csesarius in Palatio, on the opposite side of the 
Via Sacra, under the Palatine ; the apse and nave may still be 
traced. The images of the Byzantine emperors were kept here 
during their reign. 

4. Basilica of Constantine. Nibby here found traces of 
religious paintings. 

5. Templum Sacrae Urbis, and the heroon of Romulus, 
son of Maxentius, converted into the church of Sts. Cosmas 
and Damian. 



-o NOTES AND QUESTIONS 

6. Temple of Antoninus and Faustina, now the church of 
St. Lorenzo in Miranda. 

7. Temple of Janus Quadrifrons, became the church of St. 
Dionysius, now destroyed. 

8. Hall of the Senate (Curia Romana), now the church 
of St. Adriano. 

9. Offices of the Senate, present church of St. Martina. 

10. Mamertine Prison, oratory of St. Peter. 

11. Temple of Concord, church of Sts. Sergius and Bac- 
chus, now destroyed. 

12. Temple of Saturn, church of St. Salvatore in aerario. 

13. Basilica Julia, church of St. Maria in Foro. 

14. Templum divi Augusti, church of St. Maria Antiqua. 

21. What effect has the repetition of "deathless" in lines 
29, 30? 

22. Lines 31 and 32. Probably refer to the cruelty of the 
Roman conquerors who in their triumphs were heartless to 
the conquered. 

23. Line 35. "The brow of Rome." What figure? 

24. Lines 33-36. Why are the warriors said to place an 
immortal crown upon Rome? Her poets and artists would 
live for all time, but rather as individuals or geniuses in their 
particular art. The warrior properly gives renown to his 
country as a nation. 

25. Lines 43, 44. "A simple cross of wood, etc." Allusion 
to the True Cross brought \>y St. Helen from Jerusalem in 
326. In her son Constantine, the first Christian emperor, 
Pagan pride was broken. A large portion of the True Cross 
and many other relics of the Passion are preserved in the 
" Church of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem," at the extremity 
of the Esquiline Hill, built for this purpose by Constantine, 
and consecrated by Pope Sylvester. 

26. Line 49. " Beyond the Tiber gleams a dome." " St. 
Peter's stands alone in the world, with nothing like to it." 
Michael Angelo was the architect. One hundred and seventy- 



NOTES AND QUESTIONS 71 

six years were spent in building it, at a cost which shows 
how Rome honors her apostles. The diameter of the dome 
is 195 feet; from the pavement of the church to the top of 
the cross in 434 feet ; from the entrance to the chair of St. 
Peter is 613 feet. At the transept the width is 450 feet; the 
nave is 88 feet wide, and 146 feet high; the aisles are 24 feet 
wide. The fact that the holy water vases are supported by 
angels six feet high, which, however, appear at first sight to 
be of the ordinary height of little children, gives some idea 
of the vastness of the building. The letters around the dome, 
" Tu Es Petrus," are six feet in length. Read Byron's beau- 
tiful lines on St. Peter's, in " Childe Harold." 

27. Lines 51, 52. These refer to the universal domain of 
the Church. 



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45. Evangeline, by Longfellow. 64 pages, portrait, Introduction, sketch of American 
literature, biographical sketch of Longfellow, with chronological list of 
leading poems, historical introduction upon Acadia. The poem is complete, 
annotated with such notes as seem necessary to aid the scholars in under- 
standing the text. The poem is followed by several pages of questions and 
suggestions for the study of the poem, with subjects for composition work, 
suggested readings from Longfellow's poems, and a topical outline of Evan- 
geline. Also several Biblical allusions with references to line numbers* 
and a series of questions upon the entire poem. Price 10 cents. 

4<i. Selections from Hawthorne. The Snow Image, The Great Stone Face. The Great 
Carbuncle, enameled covers, 110 pages, 15 cents. 

47- Bunker Hill Oration, Webster. 42 pages, containing portrait, introduction, the* 
oration, and a series of studies and questions, paragraphs numbered, 5 cents. 

48. Sir Roger de Coverley Papers, illustrated, with portrait, full cloth bound, con- 

taining papers from the Spectator, a number of illustrations, introduction, 
with notes in the back of the book, and an exhaustive series of questions 
and suggestive material prepared by Carrie E. T. Dracass, of Englewood 
High Scbool, 25 cents. 

49. SELECTIONS FROM ENGLISH POETS. 

Coleridge — The Ancient ilariner, Christabel. Kubla Kahn, France, An Ode. 
Sh.*.ll*y — Adonais, The Cloud, To a Skylark. 

Wordsworth — Ode to Immortality, To a Skylark, Elegiac Stanzas, A Picture 
of Peel Castle in a Storm. JSonnets: I. " The world is too much with us." 

2. " Earth has not anything to •how more fair." 3. To the Planet Venus. 

4. To Sleep. 
Keats (with portrait) — Ode on a Grecian Urn, Ode to a Nightingale, Ode on 

Melancholy, To Autumn. Sonnets: l.On First Looking Into Chapman's 

Homer. 2. On the Grasshopper and Cricket. 
Byron — Childe Harold, 111. and IV. Cantos (abridged). 

50. SELECTIONS FROM ENGLISH PROSE: 

Johnson's Journey to the Western Islands (abridged), with portrait. 

Lamb — Essays of Ella (Five). 

Landor — Imaginary Conversations (Five). Edited with portraits, preface and 

introduction with notes, intended for secondary schools; about 160 pages, 

full cloth, side stamp. Price 30 cents. 

51. Midsummer Night's Dream. With portrait, introduction, brief sketch of Eliza- 

bethan England, glossary, and notes, 103 pages. Price 15 rents. 
53. The Tempest. With portrait, introduction, brief sketch of Elizabethan Eng- 
land, glossary and notes, 106 pages. Price 15 cents. 

53. The Winter's Tale. With portrait, introduction, brief sketch of Elizabethan 

England, glossary, and notes, 135 pages. Price 15 cents. 

54. The Comedy of Errors. With portrait, introduction, brief sketch of Eliza- 

bethan England, glossary, and notes, 100 pages. Price 15 cents. 

Other numbers in preparation. 

Tbe Publishers will be pleased to forward specimens for examination, and will 
quote terms for introduction and exchange. Full. descriptive catalogue on appli- 
cation. 



AINSWORTH & COMPANY, 



378-388 Wabash Avenue, 



CHICAGO, ILL. 



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